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LINKS
for EVOLUTION
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These numbered links above are from The Scout Report for Science & Engineering, Copyright
Internet Scout Project 1994-2000. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
News Stories
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Adaptive
mutation is common in E. coli,
genetic mutation rates in bacteria happen more when the
microorganisms find themselves in strange and stressful
circumstances and also...
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New
genomic data helps resolve biology's tree of life A
team of scientists from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute
at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, writing in the
current issue (Oct. 23. 2003) of the prestigious journal
Nature, show that using base sequences from a hundred genes,
instead of one or two, allows a computer to build a
phylogeny without errors.
-
evolution
and cancer are 'fragile' regions exist in the human
genome more susceptible to gene
rearrangements?
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unexpected
rapid evolution in Caribbean lizards Biologists
have documented unprecedented levels of speciation and
diversification
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Natural
selection's fingerprint identified on fruit fly evolution
gene prevents hybridization of new
species?
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University
of Georgia scientists plot key events in plants' evolution:
it's gene duplication
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Mouse
study suggests mammoth evolutionary change fast and
maybe caused by human settlers
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how
complex functions can evolve computer simulations of
natural selection work convincingly
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New
thoughts on evolution arise when
sex life of beer yeast starts biologists fermenting new
ideas
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Darwinian
evolution at its simplest: did life originate with
RNA-enzymes with only 2 bases?
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Iron-reducing microbes: the producers
>3 billion years ago?
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/science/09VENT.html or
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/301/5635/934
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Hummingbirds Fit Their Flowers (adapted from
Science Roundup) Following in Darwin's footsteps, a
report in the 25 Apr 2003 *Science* ( http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5619/630
) presented a coevolutionary tale of hummingbirds and their
flowering food plants set in the islands of St. Lucia and
Dominica in the Lesser Antilles. Hummingbirds show wide
variations in body mass, color, and size and shape of their
bills and wings. These differences are especially pronounced
between males and females -- a characteristic known as
sexual dimorphism -- and are exemplified in the
purple-throated carib hummingbird, a species in which the
larger males have a short, straight bill and the smaller
females have a long, curved one. Males of this species tend
to favor nectar from *Heliconia caribaea*, whose short,
straight flowers match the shape of their bill; females
prefer the longer, more curved flowers of the related
species *H. bihai*. On St. Lucia, *H. bihai* has compensated
for the rarity of *H. caribaea* by evolving a second color
morph with straighter flowers that better fit the male bill.
On Dominica, this remarkable pattern of coadaptation is
reversed:
*H. caribaea* has evolved a second color morph with flowers
that match female bills. These findings strongly suggest
that bill dimorphism is driven by ecological
pressures.
Perspective : http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5619/588
.
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Healthy Males Flaunt It? (adapted from
Science Roundup) Females pay attention -- especially
when it comes to choosing a mate. In the animal kingdom,
males unabashedly use bright colors to attract females, and
nowhere is this more apparent than among birds. Still,
evolutionary biologists have struggled to explain why a
male's showiness makes him more desirable. In the 4 Apr 2003
*Science*, two research teams demonstrated that in some
birds, a female's attraction to a brighter beak may actually
ensure her a healthy mate. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5616/103
)
( http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5616/125
)
News story :( http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5616/29
), the implication of these reports is that when females opt
for flashy males, they are actually choosing mates with
robust immune systems -- and, thus, greater fitness levels
than the more drab competition. So for some creatures, maybe
looks *are* everything . . .
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new clues about human evolution and ancient
civilizations. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5619/607
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5619/562
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1084114
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5618/407a
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5617/315
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/300/5617/229a
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phylogenetic forensic evidence in
murder-by-HIV case http://www.biomedcentral.com/news/20021015/02/
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CT scans to "see" inside
Doushantuo fossil embryos http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-10/gsoa-ife102502.php
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Was the Cambrian explosion caused by
environmental perturbations by the first of the new animals?
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-10/gsoa-sba102502.php
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Humans and Chimp DNA comparisons (new 25 Oct
2002) http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/298/5594/719b
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chickens tainted with antibiotic-resistant
bacteria: http://www.boston.com/dailyglobe2/345/nation/Half_of_store_chickens_found_tainted+.shtml
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Is West Nile Virus evolving? http://www.nature.com/nsu/021014/021014-5.html
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The language gene: http://www.nature.com/nsu/020812/020812-6.html
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sexy chemicals drive speciation? http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-09/cuns-slt091002.php
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lateral transfer may destroy evidence of
genetic homologies http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-06/uoia-nce061402.php
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Neanderthal baby found http://www.nature.com/nsu/020902/020902-6.html
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a big-leap dominant mutation refutes
creationist argument http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-02/uoc--fge020402.php
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different photosynthetic pathways suggest
importance of gene duplication http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-07/tifg-ctt062802.php
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experimental sympatric speciation http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-09/uor-bne092502.php
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the latest (26 April 2002) on Darwin's
finches
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/296/5568/633
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selection for stable base pairs in the first
DNA? http://www.nature.com/nsu/020916/020916-4.html
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The activation of a single gene, called
*foraging* (or *for*) causes the transition of female
honeybees from "stay at home" hive workers to
foragers that strike out from the nest to collect nectar and
pollen. Remarkably, the *for* gene is the same one that, in
the much less regimented lifestyle of fruit fly populations,
controls whether a fly is a "sitter" that seeks
food over a limited area, or a "rover" that
collects food over a broader zone. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/296/5568/636
- whales came from hippos? http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/02/science/life/02WHAL.html
- populations living around natural radiation evolve
faster? http://news.bmn.com/news/story?day=021001&story=2
- How Bugs Resist Pesticides. Just as prolonged use of
antibiotics has led to the evolution of countless strains of
resistant microbes, the introduction of new pesticides is
causing a global spread of resistance among insects. To
better understand the mechanisms driving this threat, Daborn
et al. ( http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/297/5590/2253
) examined the genetic basis for DDT resistance in fruit
flies, and reported their results in the 27 Sep 2002
*Science*. Using microarray analysis, they found that in 20
globally distributed and resistant strains, resistance was
made possible by the overexpression of a single copy of the
*Cyp6g1* gene for a cytochrome P450 -- one of a family of
metabolic enzymes that, in insects, is responsible for key
functions including toxin breakdown. Surprisingly, *Cyp6g1*
confers resistance not only to DDT, but to a broad range of
insecticide groups -- which greatly increases the risk of
resistance extending to new chemical agents. As noted in an
accompanying Perspective by Denholm et al.
( http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/297/5590/2222
),
the findings "have important implications for
understanding how resistance evolves and the threats it
poses to sustainable pest and disease management."
- antibiotic resistance
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/newsid_1286000/1286273.stm
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC) brief background on
antibiotic resistance and how to prevent it http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/community/
- A much more in-depth report
http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199798/ldselect/ldsctech/081vii/st0701.htm
- antibiotic resistant bacteria strains as markers in
genetically modified food crops. http://www.foodsafetynetwork.ca/gmo/antresgm.pdf
http://www.whybiotech.com/en/pressrel/con715.asp?MID=18
http://www.foodsafetynetwork.ca/gmo/antresgm.pdf
what individuals can do
- primer on antibiotics m
http://helios.bto.ed.ac.uk/bto/microbes/penicill.htm
- easy-to-read explanation of antibiotic resistance
http://people.ku.edu/~jbrown/resistance.htm
- This set of links on antibiotic resistance are from The NSDL Scout Report for the Life Sciences,
Copyright Internet Scout
Project
1994-2002. http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
10 Adams and 18 Eves: http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/050200sci-genetics-evolution.html
http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/061300sci-anthro-neanderthal.html
fossils: http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/122199sci-archaeo-flowers.html
How did it all begin? http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/082500sci-life-origins.html
hybrid inviability http://helix.nature.com/nsu/000504/000504-9.html
sympatric character displacement http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol288/issue5467/twil.shtml#288/5467/773g
(summary) & http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/8/4106
effect of highways on gene flow: http://www.enn.com/news/enn-stories/2000/08/08072000/s_30220.asp?P=1
fast evolution of guppies: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/1997-03/NSF-NSSS-270397.php
does sex evolve? http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/1997-07/WFU-EAFF-300797.php
Why do elephants have grandmothers? http://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/24/science/24OBSER-2.html
Artificial selection for tame foxes:
http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/033099sci-foxes.html
sexual selection: http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/053000sci-conversation-miller.html
experiment on egg size http://helix.nature.com/nsu/000601/000601-8.html
new empirical evidence for natural
selection http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/287/5451/306
speed of evolution http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/287/5451/308
commentary on both: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/287/5451/207a
Why peppers are hot: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/285/5431/1198
When ants marry their close relatives,
their offspring reach puberty later and die earlier:
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/285/5429/891
Sex and the Single Cockroach: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/285/5427/518
(It's just after the giraffe story, which you could read
too.)
the latest molecular news is always available at http://science.bio.org/
PROFESSIONAL
SOURCES
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Queens
University of Charlotte 1900 Selwyn
Avenue Charlotte, NC 28274
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