If you really understand chapter 2, you will be able to write some electron laws or rules.  Try finishing the unfinished laws below:    If you really don't know anything about atoms and molecules, read the textbook first. 

1. When electrons are shared evenly, the molecule is non-polar and insoluble.
2. When electrons are attracted to one part of a molecule more than others, that part is slightly negative so that the molecule is ________________.
3. When slightly negative parts are attracted to slightly positive regions, two molecules may be held together with ___________ bonds.
4. The bonds in #3 are much weaker than _______________ bonds.
5. Water is polar, and polar molecules are _____________ in water.
6. The position of electrons in orbitals reflects the energy level; electrons closer to atomic nuclei have __________________.
7. The stability of a molecule is inverse to the energy level of key electrons; when electrons absorb energy, that region of the molecule becomes __________.
8. When atoms and their electrons move from one molecule to another, __________ (measured in calories or joules) also moves.
9. When electrons actually leave a molecule, the ion left behind has a positive charge and the fragment with an extra electron is called a _____________.
10.   Negative ions are attracted to positive polar areas and to positive ions; positive ions ....
11.   Hydrogen atoms often lose their electrons to oxygen or other atoms; the resulting hydrogen ion has a ___________ charge and can also be called a ________.
12.   Solutions with a high concentration of hydrogen ions are called _______; solutions which will combine with hydrogen ions are called __________.
13.   In pure water, one molecule in 10,000,000 will ionize so that the concentration of hydrogen ions in pure water is 1/10⁷   or 10^-7.  pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration, expressed exponentially or logrithmically so that  a neutral solution (pure water) has a pH of 7, and a solution with a tenth of the hydrogen ions of pure water has a pH of _____.  
14.   A very low pH indicates __________________; a high pH is _________.
15.   In some of our lab procedures we will use buffers because we want to ....
16.   Because water is polar, its molecules form ______________ bonds with each other.   The resulting structure of liquid water explains these characteristics of water:   ____________________,__________....
17.   Everything the textbook and instructor say about electrons is really only a theory because ....  (If you have no idea, check out The Secret Nature of Hydrogen Bonds)

answers?