MOST IMPORTANT INFO:
-
REVIEW THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE.
-
Make sure that you can identify all the molecules shown on these figures:
4.2, 4.3, 4.4. 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9
-
Review the characteristics of phospholipids; why are the hydrophilic "heads"
such a big deal? Why is cholesterol there?
-
Proteins are important again.
-
Why are enzymes in
membranes? What are their functions?
-
Be able to list some functions of the
other membrane proteins.
-
In which proteins are the structures critical to their
functions? What do we mean by primary, secondary,
tertiary, quartenary structure?
-
This type of question is still VERY important:
mutations affecting shape of receptor proteins:
New cause identified for incurable
muscle condition
Define mutation in terms of
DNA, primary structure and quartenary structure of protein, function. Be able to
diagram (rough cartoons) of this mutant receptor and compare with
a normal receptor.
-
PROCESSES FOR MOVING
THROUGH MEMBRANES. Download
your own table.
Study textbook pp. 77-79,
82b-86
This table, after you fill in the
details, will summarize the important parts.
| PROCESS |
ENERGY SOURCE |
HOW IT HAPPENS |
WHAT MOVES this way |
| Diffusion
|
Random molecular motion (passive) |
Dissolved substances become
evenly dispersed = net movement from areas of high concentration to areas of lower
concentration for each substance independently. Molecules move through membrane
faster when they're smaller and when the temperature rises. Brownian motion fig. 4.10
Activity 4.1 Diffusion and Osmosis |
Small uncharged molecules, larger nonpolar molecules: Oxygen, ethanol, steroids, |
| Osmosis |
__(fill it in)__ |
Like regular diffusion except
________(fill it in)______
2003 Nobel Prize in chemistry:
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/302/5644/383/F4 mutations of aquaporin
http://www.jci.org/cgi/content-nw/full/109/11/1395/F3
aquaporin structure & animations of water flow
http://www.mpibpc.gwdg.de/abteilungen/071/bgroot
/presentations/aqp1_dyn/md_glpf.html
see pp. 77-9 and fig.4.11 and
Activity 4.1 Diffusion and Osmosis (you
don't have to master these terms: hypertonic &
hypotonic)
|
__(fill it in)_ |
| Facilitated Diffusion |
__(fill it in)__ |
Like regular diffusion except ________(fill
it in)______
- Porin is a good example:
http://www.clunet.edu/BioDev/omm/porins/pormast.htm
- lots of other examples
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/lehre/bza/kanal/eporen.htm
- animations of channels:
spiral model voltage-gated:
http://www.utexas.edu/ftp/depts/pharmacology/gonzales/spiral.mov
ligand-gated: http://www.utexas.edu/ftp/depts/pharmacology/gonzales/l-g_ch.mov
- potassium channel
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/280/5360/69
2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- Summary of types, with technical papers: http://www.its.caltech.edu/~lester/
- For more examples, see the ion channel pages (Note: some channels
are for active transport, below): http://phy025.lubb.ttuhsc.edu/Neely/ionchann.htm
- see pp. 82-5 and
Activity 4.2 Facilitated Diffusion
-
Case study: See CF pp. 85-6 and in web links below.
|
materials which fit carriers or channels:
Sugar, ions,__(fill it in)__ |
| Active Transport |
Cell energy sources (usually ATP) |
Dissolved substances
become _______ dispersed
= net movement is often from areas of _____ concentration to areas of _________
concentration1. Important! See a cartoon animation at
http://rsb.info.nih.gov/NeuroChem/biomach/IONpmp.html
2 . co-transport see
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/301/5633/603 .

3. lots of other examples
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/lehre/bza/kanal/eporen.htm
4.
your textbook doesn't have enough detail
here. Pay attention in class.
|
_(fill it in)__
& ions
& |
| Endocytosis (active)
(phagocytosis) |
Cell energy sources, maybe like the
actin-ATPase example in the enzyme help page |
Membrane surrounds and engulfs
substances, usually (maybe always) attached to receptors on external face
of membrane.
Book doesn't have enough detail here. Pay
attention in class. |
_(fill it in)__ |
| Exocytosis (active)
(secretion) |
_(fill it in)__ |
Reverse of endocytosis: _(fill
it in)__
Book doesn't have enough detail here. Pay
attention in class.
see text figure 5.8 (p. 99)
|
_(fill it in)__ |
-
Checklist: lipid,
hydrocarbon , fatty acid, steroids, phospholipids, fats,
hydrocarbon tail, polar head group, cholesterol, unsaturated
lipid, saturated lipid, membrane fluidity, hydrophobic,
hydrophilic, amphipathic, lipid bilayer, diffusion,
facilitated diffusion, osmosis, selective permeability,
fluid-mosaic model, antibiotic, ion channel, ion carrier,
glucose transporter (GLUT-1), cystic fibrosis, CFTR, median
life expectancy
-
Preview of Quiz &
Exam questions:
| All cells have lipid membranes with protein channels
and enzymes. |
INTERNET LINKS
SOME RESEARCH NEWS:
|
|
|
|
|